Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Newtons Laws of Motion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Newtons Laws of Motion - Essay Example A few things are should have been characterized to comprehend this law. Right off the bat we talk about idleness. Idleness is a capacity of issue to oppose any adjustment in its movement. For instance when an individual is sitting in a transport, he is moving with a similar speed as that of transport. In the event that brakes are applied out of nowhere by the transport driver, it is the inactivity of an individual's body that pulls him forward. The second thing that is essential to comprehend is the idea of Net powers. A net power is the vector aggregate of the considerable number of powers being applied on a body. For instance if two powers, every one of 10 N, are applied on a body, one from the top and one from base then the body won't move toward any path. Since these powers will offset each other's impact and the net power on the body will be zero. Presently if an item encounters any net power more prominent than zero it will change its state. An exceptionally normal day case of this can be a vehicle proceeding onward an unfilled street. In the event that you turn off the motor, the vehicle will move to some separation and afterward stop. What is the purpose for this The vehicle when moving is encountering a power from its motor and some different powers, for example, contact from the street and air obstruction. The vehicle needs adequate main impetus from motor to counter the impacts of air obstruction and street grating. At the point when the motor is killed, the vehicle will move in light of the energy it assembled because of its movement for some separation however a net power inverse to its heading of development are being applied by street and air which will back it off and will eventually stop it. Same goes with a virus savor glass a glass holder kept in a moving vehicle. In the event that a vehicle is moving with the speed of 70 km/hr with no speed breaker and thinking about that the street is all smooth, the virus drink won't spill out of the glass yet it will spill out if there should arise an occurrence of utilization of abrupt brakes. The explanation is basically that when the vehicle was moving with a consistent speed, the beverage in the glass was additionally moving with a similar speed and a similar way as that of vehicle. In any case, when brakes were applied unexpectedly and vehicle halted the beverage despite everything proceeded with its movement which makes it spill out of the glass in light of the fact that the power was applied to the wheel of the vehicles to stop them and not to the espresso. In this way, when no outside power was applied to the beverage it proceeded with its movement till it spilled. In our regular daily existence we do numerous things that are genuine instances of First law of movement. For example, a craftsman or a carpenter: when he feels that the head of sledge has release its place from the wood of mallet, he hold the mallet from the center and slams its base into a hard surface to fix it to its place. The wonder behind this is the point at which he moves hammer at a quick speed downwards, all aspects of sledge is moving with it, however when the base hits the surface, still the head of mallet is moving with a similar speed downwards and because of this it fixes itself on hammer. (Henderson T. 2004) Newton's Second Law of

Saturday, August 22, 2020

The Geneva Convention: Preventing Atrocities Towards Prisoners of War :: American America History

The Geneva Convention: Preventing Atrocities Towards Prisoners of War The Allied set up the Geneva Convention to secure injured fighters in 1864. They changed it multiple times with the fourth time following some of most appalling acts against detainees of war during World War II. I will give proof of what I accept prompted the adjustments of the Geneva Convention in 1949 to secure POWs. I will introduce the purposes for the change and records of the sixth Bomb Squadron 29th Bomb Group 314th Wing during World War II. At last, I will examine the alterations that came about because of these demonstrations of brutality. A few countries neglected to submit to the Geneva Convention during World War II. Therefore, the show met for the fourth an ideal opportunity to rethink and build up the guidelines to secure future veterans. (Simpkin) There were 130,000 POWs caught during World War II. Japan murdered the most American POWs with a stunning rate at 40% of 27,465. (Reynolds 10) It was these ludicrous occasions of World War II that prompted the Geneva Convention of 1949, which corrected the wrongs of the past shows. (Geneva Conventions 864) So how terrible were POWs rewarded? I am going to tell the records of one of the most extreme acts against humankind that happened during World War II. A meeting by an Army specialist with pilot Marvin S. Watkins uncovered the accompanying occasions that happened following a shelling run in Japan. On May 5, 1945, the sixth Bomb Squadron 29th Bomb Group 314th Wing had recently finished a shelling run on Tachairai air warehouse and was coming back to our base in Guam. The accompanying team individuals were locally available: William R. Fredericks, Co-Pilot; Howard T. Shingledecker, Bombardier; Charles Kearns, Navigator; Dale Plambeck, Radar Navigator; Teddy Poncezki, Engineer; John Colehower, Gunner; Cpl. Johnson, Gunner; Cpl. Oeinck, Gunner; Cpl. Czarnecki, Gunner; Robert Williams, Radio Operator; and myself as pilot. At 0800, we were ten to twenty miles from the objective when a twin-motor adversary warrior assaulted us over the island of Kyushu. One of our motors burst into flames, which required the group to surrender. The architect and I remained locally available and we proceeded with our trip for another five miles until we lost a wing. We at that point rescued and parachuted securely before the plane smashed close to the town of Taketa. I avoided catch for eight hours. I was blindfolded, bound, and taken via train to a camp.

Our hearts fell to the ground Analysis Essay Example For Students

Our hearts tumbled to the ground Analysis Essay Colic Galloway has made a marvelous showing of choosing and introducing a variety of talks, letters, archives, and drawings that recount to convincing anecdotes about the Plain Indians in the asss. His presentation alone has the perfect degree of data and connections essential topics and occasions to the records introduced in the content so, a model Of how a presentation ought to be finished. Colic Scallywags expectations were to concentrate on the humanistic investigation Of the Plain Indians see. 5 on how the West was lost. It furnishes us with the real particular Of Indian individuals Who survived those seasons Of sign and absorption. From the Lewis and Clark undertaking to the structure of railways, he endeavors to clarify the horrible changes of the Native Americans during the nineteenth century. He opens our eyes from what prior history specialists whose work appears to be currently obsolete, wanting to protect components of their work. The stories are isolated into fourteen sections, which gracefully verifiable archive and optional articles putting these reports inside their authentic setting. Every section unfurls 1 OUR HEARTS FELL TO THE GROUND to show the disaster the Plains Indian needed to suffer from the white pilgrims and their eagerness tort land and success. From the butcher of entire clans, the out break of the concealed executioner, and the constrained osmosis through the booking frameworks were just a couple of clarifications for why the Indians numbers dwindled in the asses. It was not until the center of the twentieth century that the truth of their enduring appeared in history books. Any works earlier just depicted the Native American as containers and insubordinate individuals, nearly to a sentiment peak. Not at all like the books previously, Galloway utilized innate traditions as a way to show the real torment the Plains Indians experienced. The Native Americans were viewed as individuals Without history, when in actuality the Indians recorded their history by melodies, moves, stories, legends, and visual records on bison robes known as winter tallies. Galloway uncovers to the peruser the Ways the Native American utilized the winter considers a mental helper went starting with one age then onto the next set apart with pictographs that recorded hypothesis occasions in inborn life that occurred every year. It was these traditions that empowered 2 OUR HEARTS FELL TO THE GROUND seniors to sequentially give their legacy to guarantee the endurance of their clan, Galloway revealed through addresses of the Native American that they were commonly quiet and in vogue individuals who needed harmony and not war with the white man. Most discourses contained contradiction however acknowledgment of the white man ways, from the breaking of bargains to the unfathomable butcher of their bison. The American Native wanting to keep up their hang on what little land ND culture stayed to them attempted to acknowledge the methods of their new neighbors. In the wake of perusing this book have another point of view about the Native American. Not at all like previously, when heard the word Indian idea Of them as savages of the Wild West generally. Presently consider them clever, prideful, and others conscious individuals Who simply needed to be disregarded to carry on with the existence they were familiar with. Main concern, in the event that it was not for the white pioneers constraining their lifestyle onto the Native Americans, they would not Of responded as they did. The pioneers left them no decision!

Friday, August 21, 2020

The Avant-garde Architecture O :: essays research papers

The Chinese-American designer Ieoh Ming Pei (I.M) is known as perhaps the best engineer of the Twentieth Century. His long, splendid profession was featured by a few universally popular structures. While a considerable lot of Pei’s structures were commonly acknowledged by people in general, some of them accelerated decent measures of discussion. The most prominent of these questionable structures is his Glass Pyramid at the passage of the Louver in Paris. Therefore, I.M. Pei is by all accounts a draftsman who displays enthusiasm for the cutting edge through both the innovative plan and aestheticism of his design. Pei was conceived in China in 1917 and moved to the United States in 1935. He initially went to the University of Pennsylvania however developed unconfident in his drawing abilities so he dropped out and sought after designing at MIT. After Pei chose to come back to design, he earned degrees from both MIT and Harvard. In 1956, after he had instructed at Harvard for a long time, he built up I.M. Pei and Partners, a structural firm that has been known as Pei Cobb Freed and Partners since 1989. This firm is popular for its fruitful and reasonable answers for an assortment of structure issues. They are liable for a significant number of the biggest pubic and private development extends in the second 50% of this century. A portion of these tasks incorporate the East Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., the John F. Kennedy Memorial Library in Boston, and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland. At the point when French President Francois Mitterand â€Å"personally chose Mr. Pei in 1983 to structure the Grand Louver to give air, space, and light to one of the world’s most blocked museums,† (Markham, 1989) there were numerous pundits. The press â€Å"lambasted breaking the agreement of the Louvre’s yard with a glass iceberg† (Markham, 1989). Be that as it may, Pei continued as arranged, facing a significant challenge in making a glass pyramid structure at the passage. He didn't concentrate on what the pundits would state about his arrangements, yet trusted that the world would see, upon culmination, that his vision of a contemporary, practical passageway would not conflict with the Baroque style of the Louver itself. At the point when the pyramid was finished in 1989, Pei’s articulation of cutting edge workmanship was not so much acknowledged. Numerous pundits adulated the goal with which the engineer planned it, yet disparaged numerous parts of its usefulness: â€Å"The handy issue is that the Pyramid, when you get inside, is loud, hot, and disorienting† (Campbell, 1989).

Tuesday, August 4, 2020

Section 504 Accommodations for Students With ADHD

Section 504 Accommodations for Students With ADHD ADHD School Print Section 504 Accommodations for Students With ADHD What Is a 504 Accommodation Plan? By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 16, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Jetta Productions/Getty Images Students with ADHD are eligible for services and an individual accommodation plan under Section 504 if they have significant difficulty learning in school due to ADHD impairments. Once it is determined that a student is eligible for services, the next step is to develop a 504 Plan which often includes a written list of specific accommodations, supplementary aids, and related services that will be provided to the student in school. The purpose of these accommodations is to ensure that the individual educational needs of the student with disabilities are met as adequately as the needs of those students without disabilities. Section 504 and IDEA for Students With ADHD Disabilities There are actually two federal laws that address the educational needs of students with disabilities â€"  Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973?? (or simply Section 504) and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act?? (also known as IDEA). Section 504 and IDEA guarantee that students with disabilities have access to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) that is comparable to the education available to non-disabled students. The definition of a disability is much broader under Section 504 than under IDEA, so more students tend to be eligible for services under Section 504. Most students with a 504 Plan are served in the general education classroom. Often these are the students who have milder impairments and do not need the intensity of special education  but could benefit from extra supports, accommodations, academic and behavioral adjustments and modifications in the regular educational curriculum. A 504 Plan also tends to be a much faster, easier procedure for obtaining accommodations and supports since IDEA has stricter eligibility criteria and regulations.?? Both laws require the placement of a child with disabilities in the least restrictive environment. IDEA requires an individualized educational plan (IEP) with educational goals for the student and specifically designed special education, instruction, and related services that the school is responsible for providing in order to help the student reach those goals. Section 504 does not require a written IEP, but it does require a plan of reasonable services and accommodations  for the student with disabilities. Developing a 504 Accommodation Plan for ADHD The first step in developing a 504 Plan is to identify how the students disability is affecting learning and impairing academic performance and then to determine the specific instruction supports and accommodations that are necessary. These accommodations should significantly reduce or eliminate the effects of a students disability in the educational setting. Symptoms of ADHD can affect each person in quite varying ways, and so a 504 Plan must be tailored to her individual strengths, learning style, behavioral challenges, and educational needs.  Chris Zeigler Dendy, M.S., is a highly regarded expert in the ADHD and education field. She is also the  author of Teaching Teens With ADD, ADHD, and Executive Function Deficits. In addition to inattention, Dendy identifies several areas that can be challenging for students with ADHD in the educational setting including: Deficits in working memory: memory skills that are essential for writing essays, doing complex math problems, and understanding what they readDifficulty getting started and finishing tasksAn impaired sense of time: often late, dont manage time wellDifficulty controlling emotions: more likely to speak impulsively or blow upDifficulty using self-talk to control behaviorDifficulty analyzing, problem-solving, synthesizing  and implementing a planSlow reading and writing: produce less written work, read less materialDisorganization: losing things, disorganized notebooks, backpacks, and lockersForgetfulnessUndiagnosed coexisting conditions like learning disabilities or depression that make it more difficult to learn?? If your child is experiencing any of these learning challenges, it is important that they are addressed in their 504 Plan. Also, keep in mind that approximately 25 to 50% of students with ADHD may also have a specific learning disability. Common learning disabilities seen alongside ADHD include disabilities in reading, math, spelling, and written expression. Accommodations Available to Qualified Students With ADHD These accommodations are often helpful for students with ADHD. Your childs 504 Plan might include some of these.?? Depending on a students individual needs  related services  may include speech,  occupational therapy,  physical therapy, assistive technology, counseling, as well as training in study strategies,  organizational skills, and time management. Preferential seating (away from distractionsâ€"away from the door, window, pencil sharpener or distracting students, near the teacher, a quiet place to complete schoolwork or tests, seating student by a good role model/classroom buddy)Extended time for testing (especially helpful for students who tend to retrieve and process information at a slower speed and so take longer with testing)Modification of test format and delivery (oral exams, use of a calculator, chunking or breaking down tests into smaller sections to complete, providing breaks between sections, quiet place to complete tests,  multiple-choice  or fill in the blank test format instead of the essay)Modifications in classroom and homework assignments (shortened assignments to compensate for amount of time it takes to complete, extended time to complete assignments, reduced amount of written work, breaking down assignments and long-term projects into segments with separate due dates for completion of each segment, allowing student to dictate or tape-record responses, allowing student to use computer for written work, oral reports or hands-on projects to demonstrate learning of material)Assistance with note-taking (providing THE student with a copy of class notes, peer assistance with note-taking, audio taping of lectures)Modification of teaching methods (multisensory instruction, visual cues, and hands- onities, highlight or underline important parts of a task, cue student in on key points of lesson, providing guided lecture notes, outlines and study guides, reduce demands on memory, teach memory skills such as mnemonics, visualization, oral rehearsal, and repetitive practice, use books on tape, assistance with organization, prioritization, and  problem-solving)Providing clear and simple directions for homework and class assignments (repeating directions, posting homework assignments on board, supplementing verbal instructions with visual/written instructions)Appointing row captains or homework buddie s who remind students to write down assignments and who collect work to turn in to the teacherOne-on-one tutoringAdjusting class schedule (schedule those classes that require most mental focus at the beginning of school day, schedule in regular breaks for the student throughout the day to allow for physical movement and brain rest, adjustments to nonacademic time)Adjustments to grading (modifying weight given to exams, breaking test down into segments and grading segments separately, partial credit for late homework with full credit for make-up work)Organizational assistance (including teacher/school representative meeting with the student at the end of each class or end day to check that homework assignments are written completely in homework notebook and needed books are in the backpack, providing organizational folders and planners, color coding)Extra set of books for the student to keep at homeHighlighted textbooks and workbooksUse of positive behavior management strategies  (in cluding frequent monitoring, feedback, prompts, redirection and reinforcement)Setting up a system of communication (such as a notebook for a weekly progress report, regular emails or phone calls) between parent and teacher/school representative in order to keep each other informed about the students progress or difficulties. Notify parent of homework and project assignments and due dates

Sunday, June 28, 2020

Parliament Criminal Court - Free Essay Example

Contemporary Issue The 2007 criminal case of R Vs Niehus, criticism of a District Court Judge Marie Shaw by State Upper House Member of Parliament Dennis Hood. Question Is Judicial Independence jeopardised by State Members of Parliament who publicly criticise the sentencing handed by Criminal Court Judges? Judicial Independence is crucial to the operation of a democratic society, leaving little debate that an independent judiciary is the â€Å"fragile bastion† in our democratic system of government. Thus judges, when presiding over cases, are entirely free from any intrusion or intimidation executed by external forces. The Westminster System, implemented from Britain, ensures the courts have the confidence of the community and all cases provide an outcome exclusively on merit, as Michael OConnell, Victims of Crime Commissioner (Appendix 3) states: â€Å"The Judiciary shall decide matters due to impartiality on the basis of facts.† However, questions have been raised whether judicial independence is jeopardised by external forces publicly criticising a judges verdict. One such example occurred when State Upper House Member of Parliament, Dennis Hood, publicly attacked District court Judge Marie Shaws final ruling in the 2007 criminal case of R Vs Niehus, prompting an order for her dismissal. David Swain, Retired Chief Magistrate (Appendix 2) reports, â€Å"Judicial Independence is a vital part of the Westminster System.† To guarantee absolute judicial independence and uphold the confidence of the community, the judiciary must have complete separation from both the Legislative and Executive arms of Government, and any other external political forces. Accomplishment of this is achieved in a number of ways; first, Judges are appointed by the Executive arm and dismissed by the Legislative arm, to avert the chance of one arm of Government grasping complete control over the judiciary and Section 72 of â€Å"The Australian Constitution Act† (1900) specifies the dismissal of a judge can only occur on two grounds; misbehaviour and incapacity. Secondly, a permanent tenure is provided, on the g rounds a judge must retire at the age of 70, with the exception of Family Court Justices, who have an obligation to retire at 65. This assures judges cannot be removed if their decision does not support the governments request, as Peter Hasket, Retired Magistrate (Appendix 4) states, â€Å"Even if a number of people dont want them, their position stays the same.† Thirdly, a fixed remuneration is guaranteed, preventing both salaries from being diminished throughout tenure and manipulation occurring. However, salaries can be increased by government on objective factors. Fourthly, judges are ensured judicial privilege, allowing them to have freedom of speech while presiding on the bench and delivering verdicts. Thus judges cannot be threatened by criminal prosecution or sued for vilification, a fact David Swain (Appendix 2) suggested â€Å"one can take comfort in.† Finally, individuals who are selected for judicial office must have suitable training and credentials in the law, and no discrimination is to occur on the basis of sex, colour, race, status, religion or political influence. The Honourable Justice John Basten- Judge of the Supreme Court New South Wales (2005:1) reports, â€Å"Principles of open justice play an important part of our courts.† Justice is governed in an open court, where the public has complete access, although exceptions occur, for example, courtrooms can only provide for a small number of spectators. Furthermore, for those who do not attend, sentencing remarks are available via the Internet, and significant cases are usually covered in the print and electronic media. This then ensures openness, as it is vital in promoting the publics confidence. However, information handed to the public via the media raises questions to the extent of its reliability. David Swain (Appendix 2) reports, â€Å"99% of all cases, which go through the courts dont get any media attention.† This indicates that the media has one priority, which is to attract public attention and have general appeal, in order to sell papers. As well as this, The Honourable Justice John Basten (2005:1) states, â€Å"reporters who cover trials often move from one court room to another during the course of a day, obtaining only an incomplete picture of what is happening in any particular case.† Along with media attention, public criticism is also created. â€Å"Sentencing reflects the views of the community, because in effect, they are prescribing parliaments will,† states Michael OConnell (Appendix 3). However, it is impossible to please all citizens, thus generating criticism of certain cases, usually through the media. A recent significant case, which generated much public criticism and uproar, was the 2007 criminal case of R Vs Niehus, ruled by District Court Judge Marie Shaw. Dennis Hood, publicly attacked her final ruling, and called for her removal due to the leniency of her suspended sentence. Dennis H ood (2007:1) questioned, â€Å"What possible reason can there be to allow Judge Shaw to continue to hear cases and hand down grossly inadequate sentences to hardened criminals?† Christopher Michael Niehus received a three-year suspended jail sentence, upon the condition that he entered a bond of $400 to uphold good behaviour for a two year period and perform 150 hours of community service, in respect of four counts of unlawful sexual intercourse. Marie Shaw (2007:3) states, â€Å"the matters which favour suspension to which your counsel has referred, are that you are a person of previous good character, you are someone who, both before these offences and subsequently, has engaged in age appropriate relationships. In my view, you are unlikely to offend again.† Marie Shaws position as District Court Judge, entitles her to consider all facts and circumstances and provide an outcome exclusively on merit, which she has confidently done. However, Dennis Hood completely disagreed with Marie Shaws suspended sentence, complaining to the media that, â€Å"abusing a young girl, a 14-year-old girl† resulted in â€Å"a sentence of 150 hours of community service.† Denis Hoods actions of publicly calling for Marie Shaw to be dismissed raised the question to the extent of criticism, which should be allowed without the risk of jeopardising Judicial Independence. David Swain (Appendix 2) states, â€Å"Every now and again one or two people, particularly politicians, turn to their favour, and politically ‘go too far, which can arguably be an attack on independence.† Beneficial criticism of the Judiciary is welcomed and appropriate as it allows public scrutiny and maintains the confidence of the community through integrity. As well as this freedom of speech in our democracy is a fundamental right. Nevertheless, as Michael OConnell (Appendix 3) states, â€Å"the criticism, as in any situation, should focus on the issue, not the ind ividual,† Denis Hoods public ‘out-burst, was directly aimed at Judge Marie Shaw, ultimately causing considerable distress and embarrassment, Marie Shaw (2007:1) states,† I was bitterly disappointed that he attacked my fitness for office on the basis of inaccurate statements.† Soon after Dennis Hoods public ‘outburst, leading judges raised alarms that Judicial Independence was under fire. Chief Justice John Doyle and Chief Judge Terry Worthington stated, â€Å"Mr Hoods push for her removal is contrary to constitutional principle and threatens to undermine the judiciarys independence, also that any attempt to remove a judge could lead to inappropriate pressure on judges to operate in a way acceptable to politicians and any threat to remove a judge from office because of criticism of a judges decision sets a dangerous precedent and who will be threatened next?† Despite maintaining the integrity of its independence, the judiciary understands it will never be immune from public criticism, as it is an essential component of our democratic system of government. David Swain (Appendix 2) states, â€Å"The judiciary is in the same position as any other public institution. It must expect, and should be prepared to deal with, criticism.† However, reforms need to be made in Marie Shaws case, where public criticism was undoubtedly incorrect and taken to a level, which may have jeopardised her independence. Any public criticism, of any arm of government, should always be of benefit to that arm of government. The criticism must purely be aimed at the issues involved and never a direct attack on an individual. In regards to certain views of ‘soft sentences, by politicians as such, the official method of parliamentary review should be employed, not via media outlets. As well as this Michael OConnell (Appendix 3) states, â€Å"(I) rely on victims views. In general, victims who contact me feel that the sentence imposed w as too lenient- in other words, they expected a harsher sentence.† I am confident that the question posed: ‘Is Judicial Independence jeopardised by State Members of Parliament who publicly criticise the sentencing handed by criminal court judges? can be answered in the negative. Dennis Hoods public ‘outburst, was certainly demoralising for Her Honour Judge Shaw, which moved Hood to apologise and retract his statements. Dennis Hood stated in his public apology, â€Å"I recognise that by making these assertions I have caused considerable distress and embarrassment to Judge Shaw.† Although the criticism was unjust, Michael OConnell (Appendix 3) reports, â€Å"it will not affect the general sentencing practices.† Our Attorney-General often comments that, â€Å"courts in common law countries have been independent of the Parliament since the 1600s.† Our current sentencing system works effectively in Australia.   There should be no need to mak e any reforms to the current system as any changes may in fact place the communitys trust in the overall system  at risk.   Our current judicial practices must be preserved to ensure that judges and the overall judicial system are preserved and the so called â€Å"Fragile Bastion† is at all times protected. Judges are accountable for their overall actions and the decisions that they make.   The issue is that parliamentarians need to be careful that when criticising judges it is done lawfully.   As it was clearly stated by David Swain (Appendix 2), The sentencing process is conducted in a manner that does reflect the values, morals and concerns of the community. We need to trust in our current structures of being able to maintain Judicial Independence and preserve the communitys confidence in the legal system. Bibliography 22/11/2007, ‘Remove judge, urges Upper House MP, ABC News, viewed 24/04/2008 https://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/11/22/2098109.htm Bailey, Geoff, ‘Legal Studies Key Ideas Stage 2, Adelaide, 2006 Bash, Barbara, ‘Legal Studies Essentials SACE 2, Adelaide Tuition Centre 2008 Basten, John 2005, ‘Court and Media Relationships, viewed 26th April 2008, https://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/Supreme_Court/11_sc.nsf/pages/SCO_basten301005 Dowdell, Andrew, Henderson, Nick, 23/11/2007, ‘Attorney-General, rejected calls to sack District Court Judge, ABC News, viewed 23/04/2008 https://www.news.com.au/adelaidenow/story/0,22606,22803291-5006301,00.html Doyle, John, 22/08/2003, ‘Judicial Independence and the Separation of Powers, viewed 15/05/2008, https://netk.net.au/SA/SA16.asp#TopOfPage Hasket, Peter, 13/05/2008, Notes from interview Hood, Denis, 05/05/2008, Notes from interview ‘Judicial Sentencing, 22nd November 2007, Extract from the Legislative Council Hansard, viewed 10th May 2008 OConnell, Michael, 08/05/2008, Notes from interview Shaw, Marie, ‘R v Christopher Michael Niehus Sentencing Remarks, District Court, Adelaide, 2007 Swain, David, 06/05/2008, Notes from interview Swain, David, ‘Are Judges Truly Independent?, viewed 6th May 2008 Swain, David, ‘Do Sentencing Laws Reflect Community Attitudes and Values, viewed 6th May 2008

Saturday, May 23, 2020

How to Dispose of Mercury Safely

Mercury is an extremely toxic heavy metal. Though you might not have any mercury thermometers in your home, chances are good you have other items that contain mercury, such as fluorescent or other mercury-containing light bulbs, or mercury-containing thermostats. If you break a mercury thermometer, thermostat, or fluorescent bulb you need to be a lot more careful cleaning up the accident than you might think. Here are some things not to do, plus recommendations for the best way to clean up after a mercury release or spill. You can visit the US EPA site for additional help in cleaning up after an accident involving mercury. What Not to Do After a Mercury Spill Dont vacuum up the spill or breakage. This will release mercury into the air and greatly increase the level of contamination.Dont sweep up the mercury or broken glass with a broom. This breaks up the mercury into smaller drops, increasing its surface area so that more mercury gets into the air and spread around.Dont pour mercury down the drain. It can clog your plumbing and seriously pollute your septic system or the sewer system into which your plumbing drains.Dont wash mercury-contaminated clothing. This contaminates your washing machine, all of the other clothes in the load, and the water that is washed down the drain. If you use a clothes dryer afterward youre releasing mercury into the air and essentially poisoning yourself. By now you probably see a theme. Dont do anything that would spread the mercury or cause it to become airborne. Dont track it around on your shoes. Dont re-use any cloth or sponge that came in contact with the mercury, ever. Now that you have an idea of what to avoid, here are some steps to take. How to Dispose of a Broken Fluorescent Bulb Fluorescent bulbs and compact fluorescent bulbs contain small amounts of mercury. Heres what to do if you break a bulb: Clear the room of people, especially children, and pets. Do not allow children to help you clean up.Shut off the heater or air conditioner, is applicable. Open a window and allow the room to air out at least 15 minutes.Use a sheet of paper or cardboard to scoop up glass and metal pieces. Deposit the breakage into a glass jar with a lid or a sealable plastic bag.Use sticky tape to pick up the smaller pieces of debris. Drop the used tape into the jar or bag.While paper and tape should be sufficient to clean up breakage on a hard surface, you may need to vacuum a carpet or rug. Vacuum only after all visible remains have been cleaned up and then dispose of the bag or debris with the rest of the clean-up. If your vacuum has a canister, wipe it clean with damp paper towels and dispose of the used towels. If the break occurred over clothing or bedding, the material should be wrapped up and thrown away. Check with the waste disposal regulations where you live. Some places will allow you to throw away broken fluorescent bulbs with other trash while others have more stringent requirements for this type of waste disposal. Cleaning up a broken mercury thermometer is somewhat more involved, so Ill post those instructions separately.

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Essay about Compare aP and Greasy Lake - 1108 Words

John Updikes A P and T. Coraghessan Boyles Greasy Lake have many similarities as well as differences as coming-of-age stories. A P is about a nineteen-year-old boy working at a grocery shop who stands up against the manager trying to defend and impress the girls he is attracted to who are not decently dressed (Updike 18). Greasy Lake is a story of several nineteen years old youths who play a prank on a bad character and experience what real bad characters can do. Fortunately, Sammy and the narrator realize their deficiency Ââ€" infantility Ââ€" after their conflict with other people just like the ancient Greek proverb says, Through suffering comes wisdom (qtd. in Vannatta 1637). In Sammys case, enraged that Lengel has†¦show more content†¦Hiding near the lake, the narrator is consternated and his true self Ââ€" the good side of his character Ââ€" is stimulated: He is more shaken by guilt than by fear that Bobbys friends will hurt him. He is, in fact, later overjoyed to hear the sound of Bobbys voice (Vannatta 1636). He, as well as readers, finds that even though he call himself bad, deeply within his heart, he has many good personalities (traits?), such as sympathy for other people (is sympathy a personality?). After he encounters the corpse of the motorcyclist and experiences what Bobbys friends do with his mothers car, the narrator further more distinguishes the difference between ones appearance and ones inner self: a truly ba d character does not have a label on his face. At the end of the story, when the young woman says that the three [teenagers] look like ‘pretty bad characters, the narrators reaction is hardly one of pride: ‘I thought I was going to cry (Vannatta 1638). Finally, the narrator completes this significant step towards maturity. He does not try to act like a bad character any more because he is not born to be bad. All he wants is to go home and start his new life. Both stories are told in first person from the narrators point of views which allow reader to discover the immaturity in both protagonists character through their minds. In A P, there are many places where Updike demonstratesShow MoreRelatedGreasy Lake Compare to aP Essay692 Words   |  3 PagesThe stories â€Å"AP† and â€Å"Greasy Lake† are similer to each other due to the fact that they both are about a young man still trying to figure out what they plan to do with there life, they both feel that rebellion is cool, and they both learn a lesson threw there rebellious acts. Both charactors are the age of nineteen. This is a time of life when you start to experience some new freedoms. Most of your friends own and can drive cars so you are no longer bound by your parents and the bus to get you toRead MoreGreasy Lake Character Anaylsis869 Words   |  4 PagesT.C. Boyles Greasy Lake (1985), exposes the narrator to be the ultimate dissenter upon first glimpse. The anon ymous main character goes beyond to appear rebellious to his friends, and anyone around him. Aside from the main character, two friends, Digby and Jeff, accompany the narrator on his journey to be bad on this â€Å"the third night of summer vacation† (Boyle, 1985, p. 615). The narrator explains that he and his friends were 19 years old, sported leather jackets, drank Tango and ThunderbirdRead MoreSummary Of Greasy Lake Essay2216 Words   |  9 PagesChristine Berndt Ms. Granger English Comp 1A 29 November 2016 A Greasy Turnaround In T. Coraghessan Boyle’s short story â€Å"Greasy Lake†, the reader is brought into an intense situation that occurs on one of the first nights during the young adult boy’s summer vacation. The narrator, whose name is never revealed, is out on an adventurous night with his friends Digby and Jeff. While out, they find themselves discovering whether or not the idea of who they thought they wanted to be and, associate themselvesRead MorePractice Final Exam Eng-0922717 Words   |  11 Pagesthe passage, â€Å"Chicago and Cleveland.† Chicago and Cleveland (1) Chicago, at the southern tip of Lake Michigan, is a port city.(2) It is also an important commercial (3) and industrial center of the Midwest. It is well known for its educational, cultural, and recreational centers. Chicago draws thousands to its concert halls, art museums, and sports arenas.(4) Cleveland, on the south shore of Lake Erie, is also a port city and a commercial and industrial center important to its area (5). Like ChicagoRead MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pagesdistribution channel can be controlled by a brand because of a history of brand performance. Assets, to be relevant, must be tied to the brand. If distribution is a basis for brand equity, it needs to be based on a brand rather than on a firm (such as Pamp;G or Frito-Lay). The firm could not simply access the shelf space by replacing one brand with another. If the value of a patent could easily be transferred to another brand name, its contribution to brand equity would be low. Similarly, if a set

Monday, May 11, 2020

Learning Cues for Tennis - 1421 Words

I will be discussing the sport of tennis, the learning sequences, the skill techniques, learning cues, and teaching styles in that order. First that will be discussed is the learning sequences for the sport of tennis. According to Physical Education Activity Handbook, when you are first getting started with tennis, you need to introduce the scoring and tiebreaker procedures. Next, you need to explain the equipment used in tennis such as tennis balls and the racket. After that, the teacher should explain the rules and etiquette. It is best to introduce when directly related to skill or strategy being taught. Then, the skills and techniques should be taught. The skills and techniques that need to be taught are grips, strokes, the serve,†¦show more content†¦The last portion of this stroke is the follow through. The learning cues for this stroke are ready position, racket face vertical, and follows through. The two-handed backhand uses basically the same aspects as the one-hand ed backhand. The only difference is the grip is obviously two handed and the backswing will look different because it is two-handed. The learning cues for this stroke are ready position, two handed, and follow through. Stroke number four is the forehand. For the forehand to be correct the player should be in the ready position. During the backswing, the player should turn the shoulders and the left shoulder should be faced towards the ball that is coming towards the player. The next portion of the forehand is that the player step with the left foot and that the racket and knees drop down together. The player must then make impact with the ball with the racket face vertical. Last, the player must follow through. The learning cues for the forehand are ready position, shoulder position, step, and follow through. Another stroke that must be taught is the lob. It is said that the lob should look very similar to the forehand and backhand strokes. Making it look like those strokes the play er wants to lift the ball high into the air and aiming towards the opponent’s baseline. The learning cues for the lob are ready position, forehand/backhand, lift, and aim. TheShow MoreRelatedMental Skills Training Program For The Tennis Athletes1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe aim of this case is to implement a mental skills training programme for six tennis players aged between fifteen and sixteen. These athletes have been identified due to being exceptionally gifted physically and having solid techniques. The tennis club has recently produced a grand slam champion and wants to capitalise on the increased influx of young players. The athletes also enjoy pre performance routines. However these six athletes lack in the mental side of the game and get extremely anxiousRead MorePhysical Education Essay1105 Words   |  5 Pagesprojector or SmartBoard and computer Time Student Actions Teacher Actions 5m Provide HW and completed skill selection form. Review yesterday’s lesson ââ€"  HW check for understanding ââ€"  The skill they have selected What they are doing today ââ€"  Learning how to breakdown a skill and then breaking down their selected skill to teach 15m Students will be following along and writing on pg. 2 of Lesson 2 Handouts. In each box they should be writing the brief definitions of the terms presented. SkillRead MoreImplementing Observational Learning 844 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding of observational learning and how it may be implemented within the classroom. The paper first explores a workable definition of observational learning primarily through the concept of modeling and vicarious learning. The second part discusses the roles of the teacher and environment. The paper then discusses how observational learning may be used to teach positive attitudes and effective thinking skills, also achieved through vicarious learning. â€Å"Scaffolding†, a learning strategy that utilizesRead MoreSport Science13852 Words   |  56 PagesLEARNING PHYSICAL SKILLS 1001 The human body’s ability to process information and program muscles and limbs to move in particular ways is one important part of how skills are acquired. For professional athletes, successfully acquiring skills is how they make a living; however, in a competitive market, practising a skill repeatedly to improve is not always enough. Learning skills has become a science in itself. Now, to reach the top of their game, athletes need to understand and considerRead MoreOnline Disinhibition Effect Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pagespresence of a device between the people communicating over the internet, CMC can be differentiated from face-to-face communication based on a few important elements namely, anonymity, invisibility, impulsivity, asynchronicity, and lack of non-verbal cues. Anonymity is possibly one of the most important and primary factors behind the online disinhibition effect. Quite often, we see people engaging in some form of online behavior using anonymous status or shielding their actual identity. A number ofRead MoreEssay on Aggression in Sports747 Words   |  3 Pagesbehaviour: #183; Assertive Play #183; Instrumental Aggression #183; Hostile Aggression Assertive play is having no intent to harm, a legitimate force within the rules with unusual effort and energy. An example of this could be during a tennis match. A performer could be seen to perform an aggressive shot or serve to win a point. They may have no intent to harm or injure their opponent, but merely try and win the point so they are one step closer to winning the match. It is sometimes calledRead MoreEssay About Technology1614 Words   |  7 Pagesthings that we not even be aware of until someone points it out to us. One thing we learn at a young age is how to read people through nonverbal communication. Morgan Hampton (2014) stated, â€Å"Without enough face-to-face communication, these nonverbal cues are unable to develop properly, skewing  children’s  relationships with others as they grow up in a  technology-inclusive society†(para. 6). Children are communicating through smart devices rather than face to face causing them to miss out on crucialRea d MoreYouth Sports Coach Better Understand Children s Learning And Performance Skills2390 Words   |  10 Pagesbetter understand children’s learning and performance skills in relation to their given sport. Within the paper there will be several different topics discussed in order to help the coach see the overall picture of what motor behavior learning looks like through the eyes of a youth athlete. The topics incorporated are: 1) growth and development issues and the influence they may have on children’s motor skills; 2) cognitive factors influencing the children’s learning and performing of various motorRead MoreUnderstanding The Illness Through Research Essay1525 Words   |  7 Pagesbeginning new habits is essential. Charles Duhigg (as cited in American Heart Association, 2016) notes the brain goes through a psychological pattern known as a â€Å"habit loop† which creates habits. According to Duhigg, â€Å"This three-part process includes the cue or trigger, activating the brain to begin the habit, followed by the routine or the behavior itself, concluding with the reward—what your brain likes about the habit to trigger it in the future† (para. 2). Realizing one’s bad habits helps one to retrainRead MoreWhat Makes You Not a Buddhist by Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse1482 Words   |  6 Pagesstep back and take off my guilty glasses. I knew I had to come from a perspective of learning, and not following. It drew me in from the first sentence. â€Å"Once, I was seated on a plane in the middle seat of the middle row on a trans-Atlantic flight, and the sympathetic man sitting next to me made an attempt to be friendly.† (Pg.1). Three things struck my curiosity. One, that a Buddhist monk was on a plane. Cue horrible joke with an equally awful punch-line. Two, the man was â€Å"sympathetic† towards

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Community Policing Is A Fast Growing Necessity For The Future

Community Policing Introduction Although policing has been around for many decades, law enforcement roles have not changed too significantly. Media, such as television shows and movies, portray law enforcement officers as fearless crime fighters who are in daily high speed chases and shoot outs. While these crimes may be possible, it is not likely on a daily basis. So, just what do police officers respond too then? They deal with many various types of service calls each month and year including little disruptions and civil arguments or disputes. Police officers today need to be in different places for all different types of complaints and issues. Because many agencies do not have the capability or manpower for the growing need, community policing is a fast growing necessity for these agencies. This paper will discuss where community policing originated from, how it effects law enforcement today, and some of the ways we can expand the concept of community policing to benefit everyone for the future. Community policing in America is traced from the colonial times to the 1900s. American policing activities began in early England sometime around the time of the Norman Conquest in 1066. Chancellors settled disputes between neighbors, such as property boundary issues, trespass allegations, and child misconduct. A similar version of the chancellor, with similar duties and responsibilities, was the justice of the peace, dating to about A.D. 1200. Together with the chancellors (alsoShow MoreRelatedTechnology And Law Enforcement And Against Terrorism2527 Words   |  11 Pagesand Against Terrorism Technology has a definite impact not only on our everyday lives but also on the ideologies we pursue or abandon. This change can be clearly seen as society has progressed through from an agrarian culture through the growing pains of the industrial revolution, and into the current wave, the information wave. The role of technology was seen as a tool in the agrarian culture and also as a means for physical exploration of humanity s surroundings. During the industrialRead MoreService Sector Changing Hr Role2554 Words   |  11 Pages †¢ Railways †¢ Other Transport Storage †¢ Communication (Post, Telecom) †¢ Banking †¢ Insurance †¢ Dwellings, †¢ Real Estate †¢ Business Services †¢ Public Administration; †¢ Defense †¢ Personal Services †¢ Community Services †¢ Other Services IMPORTANCE OF SERVICE SECTOR IN INDIA Service Sector in India today accounts for more than half of Indias GDP. According to data for the financial year 2006-2007, the share of services, industry, and agricultureRead MoreThe Black Panthers, By J. Wilson, And Marcus Garvey And The Unia3935 Words   |  16 PagesEver since our first arrival to the new world, black thought and way of life has been under attack from outside forces whose only goal was and is to keep the African American community from progressing. Imprisonment, murder, deportation, bombings, illegal wiretapping, and fraud are just some of the schemes that have been leveled at black power organizations since J. Edgar Hoover first took the helm of the Bureau of Investigation, the predecessor to the present day FBI. Examining what happened toRead MoreArmed Forces Special Powers Act in India8058 Words   |  33 PagesINTRODUCTION 2. STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND REASONS FOR THE ACT 3. THE ARMED FORCES (SPECIAL POWERS) ACT, 1958 a. THE ACT b. SPECIAL PROVISIONS UNDER THE ACT c. SECTIONS OF THE ACT 4. DEFENCES TO THE ACT a. INTRODUCTION b. NECESSITY c. LEGALITIES AT THE TACTICAL LEVEL d. OTHER ASPECTS e. LOOKING AHEAD 5. JEEVAN REDDY COMMISSION 6. NON- STATE REACTIONS TO THE ACT AND COMMENTRY 7. NON- GOVENRMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ANALYSIS OF THE ACT 8. SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THERead MoreList Of Abbreviations And Abbreviations10695 Words   |  43 Pagesconflict (civil war)within the country. Thiscaneither be fuelled under ethnic or religious bases,social economic etc., the state does not have direct control of all her territories, failure in government apparatus thus dwindling in provision of basic necessities such as education and healthcare, there is no or lack of democracy within the country, poor and weak institutions, heavy levels of corruption, the gap between the poor and the rich is huge and military oppression is theonly tool of implementationRead MoreThe Role Of Hrm16574 Words   |  67 Pagespotential can be released, developed and rewarded. Andrew Fastow of Enron, although misguided, discovered this in his famous quote: ‘You must allow people to eat what they hunt – only then will they hunt well.’ However, he failed to understand the necessity of developing the whole organisation and the results are history. The Enron view of people management is not the view taken by all organisations. The John Lewis Partnership, for instance, also believes in giving its employees, or ‘partners’ as theyRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  PAGE NUMBER IN THE BOOK 605 608 619 625 629 652 662 667 677 685 694 708 712 718 727 733 740 746 CASE Ministry of Sound – rapid growth but a questionable future in the music industry. Pharmaceutical Industry – global forces at work in the ethical pharmaceutical industry. TUI – competitive forces in the travel industry. HiFi – how can small players survive changing markets? Amazon (B) – latest developmentsRead MoreEdexcel Igcse Economics Answer49663 Words   |  199 Pagesin the graph shows that net migration is falling. However, there are still more people entering the country than leaving. In 2008, net migration was 3.72 per 1000. Consequently, the growth in Australia’s population is due, at least in part, to growing numbers of immigrants.  © Pearson Education Ltd 2010 3 (b) As the size of Australia’s population grows there will be an increase in demand for most goods and services. There will be an increase in demand for consumer goods and for governmentRead MoreRisk Pooling in Health Care Finance18578 Words   |  75 Pagesstatus, and so on); †¢ the criteria for membership of a risk pool; †¢ the size of risk pools; †¢ whether or not the risk pools are competitive; 1 †¢ †¢ †¢ whether or not contributions are mandatory; whether financial contributions are community rated or risk rated; the extent to which health care users retain some expenditure risk (in the form of user charges); †¢ the extent to which there are financial transfers between risk pools; †¢ the extent to which the risk pools are protectedRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesBrier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M

Basic Business Report Free Essays

Level 4 pathogens are quite simply, the nastiest causes of disease ever discovered. Scientifically speaking, they are organisms that cause severe diseases to humans and are serious work hazards in the laboratory. They also present high risk of epidemics and there are usually no effective treatments yet discovered. We will write a custom essay sample on Basic Business Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now Actual examples include Lassa fever, filoviruses, smallpox, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, Russian spring-summer encephalitis, Kyasanur forest. It is important to take not that each of these examples has garnered a huge media following and they usually spill over from medical concerns to socio-political. The Russian spring-summer encephalitis for one has been given global concern due to its research possibilities as a biological weapon. The Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever was known to have claimed hundreds of lives in an epidemic that transpired in the Afghan border in 2001. This means that a docudrama made about level 4 pathogens isn’t just â€Å"egghead stuff†, the humanitarian side of the topic has great media value, even more so is the political side. If we look prominent television series such as 24 or Pandemic, they both feature fictional presentations of the â€Å"what-ifs† concerning level 4 pathogens. There are also several fictional movies that have garnered success on the genre such as Epidemic (1987), Andromeda Strain (1971) and several others. There are also real-life adaptations which garnered international acclaim such as Lorenzo’s Oil (1993). A docudrama on dangerous viruses can bring a factual spice to the fictional take on the genre. It can spur emotions from amazement the audience with its accurate presentation of just how these viruses are handled by specialized crew and the emotions behind them as they go about their work. Such a film can also bring out real-life fear from the viewers when presented with how dangerous a particular newly discovered strain of Ebola is or how likely a new undetectable virus can be used as a biological weapon by terrorists. References Biological Weapons: How Big is the Threat? Retrieved April 22, 2007, from Society for General Microbiology Website: http://www. sgm. ac. uk/news/hot_topics/bio_weapons. cfm Disease DVD movies at Video Universe Retrieved April 22, 2007 from Video Universe Website: http://www. cduniverse. com/search/xx/movie/category2/3459/a/Diseases. htm Classification of Viral Pathogens into Hazard Groups Retrieved April 22, 2007 from http://virology-online. com/general/Safety2. htm Willet, E. (1999). Level 4 Labs. Retrieved April 22, 2007, from http://www. edwardwillett. com/Columns/level4labs. htm Butcher, T. (2001) Ebola Style Killer Sweeps Afghan Border. Retrieved April 22, 2007 from Telegraph. co. uk Website: http://www. telegraph. co. uk/news/main. jhtml? xml=/news/2001/10/04/wref04. xml How to cite Basic Business Report, Papers

Chads Creative Concepts free essay sample

Chad’s Creative Concepts began as a manufacturer of high-quality, custom-made wooden furniture. The client base has been the vacation cabin residents surrounding its Sandusky, Ohio location. The company grew successful selling its custom furniture and eventually as sales increased, the sales force began selling to retailers. The furniture demanded by retailers is standardized, price sensitive, and requires faster delivery times. Sales of both lines of furniture are doing well, but the manufacturing facility is facing some problems. The standard line is competing for processing time on the same equipment as the custom line, which is resulting in unfinished inventory laying around the facility. The plant has run out of excess capacity and must rent expensive warehouse space. Chad must determine how to best meet the competitive priorities of both of his furniture lines in order to manage his operations most successfully. Gaps in Chad’s Operations Strategy The initiative taken by the sales force to sell to retailers directly impacted the operations at the production facility. We will write a custom essay sample on Chads Creative Concepts or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sales and marketing of the standard furniture line put constraints on the staff and equipment at the plant, as they tried to meet the demands of both of the furniture lines. Sales and marketing also impact the delivery times imposed on the processing team. A new production schedule was not implemented with the addition of the standard line. Instead, the custom line receives priority while the standard line is often left waiting at various points in the process. The move to produce standard furniture has left profits lacking. While the company and sales of the standard line continue to grow, the costs of producing the standard line are also increasing. The bulk of volume and sales are still in custom furniture. Money is being held in inventory as parts wait to be processed. Additionally, money is being spent for warehouse space to hold inventory. Future Alternatives As the company grew, it should have taken some steps to prevent the current problems. Analyzing these alternatives may help Chad restructure his operations strategy. The manufacturing schedule should be analyzed and redesigned, perhaps using Gantt charts, so that both lines of furniture can be processed most efficiently. The capacity utilization of work stations and equipment should be analyzed to find room for improvement. The costs and benefits of separating the furniture lines could be considered. Chad and his management team should implement just in time or lean inventory strategies, so that money is not tied up in work in progress or raw materials. Planning software could help Chad better forecast inventory needs and utilize capacity. If increased productivity in the current plant still cannot meet demand, Chad may need to consider investing in additional space, equipment, and labor. The most restrictive alternative would be to eliminate the standard line and focus only on high quality, custom furniture. References Krajewski, L. , Malhotra, M. , Ritzman, L. (2013). Chad’s Creative Concepts. Operations Management Process and Supply Chains (pp. 29-30). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Appendix Appendix A. 5-Step Critical Thinking Decision-Making Process Matrix Step 1: Identify the problem(s) and uncertainties. What exactly is the problem†¦ The addition of the standard line of furniture is affecting the operations at Chad’s Creative Concepts. The problem is this †¦ The standard line costs are increasing as sales are increasing. The custom and standard lines are competing for processing time on the same machines resulting in unfinished inventory laying around the facility. The plant is pushed to capacity without any excess space left. Processing and delivery times are increasing. Rented warehouse space is very expensive. This is an important problem because†¦ Chad’s bottom line is being affected. Profits are not where they should be. Costs of the standard line are increasing. The plant has run out of extra space. The key question(s) that needs to be answered to solve this problem is†¦ How does Chad’s Creative Concepts meet the competitive priorities of both the custom and standard lines of furniture and achieve his operations strategy successfully? Does Chad keep the standard line of furniture? Step 2: Obtain information. The following information is needed to answer this question†¦ The custom line makes up 60% of the volume and 75% of sales. Sales are rising for the standard line. Costs for the standard line are also increasing. Money is tied up in inventory. Warehouse space is expensive to rent. There is no room to expand in the current facility. Customers of the standard line are price sensitive and demand fast delivery times. The equipment used is general purpose and flexible. Some important assumptions I am using in my thinking are†¦ Buying a new space may be feasible, as well as adding additional equipment and staff. The market for vacation cabin furniture may be more saturated than the market for standard furniture sold at retailers. The points of view relevant to this problem belong to†¦ Chad Thomas, sales force, plant workers, and customers. Note: Remember to view the information you have obtained for potential bias. This is from the perspective of your own bias to the research and the bias of the authors who compiled the data and the research you gathered. In other words, do not discount the importance of other’s data because of your own bias(is). Step 3: Make predictions about the future. If this problem gets solved, some important implications are†¦ If Chad can run both lines efficiently, costs and profits may both increase. If products are produced more efficiently then sales would need to go up, requiring more of the sales force. Improvements in processes could decrease lead times and improve delivery times. Better inventory management could eliminate the need for renting of the warehouse space. If this problem does not get solved, some important implications are†¦ Lead and delivery times will continue to increase. Production may not meet demand and customers might be lost. Profits may decline in the long term. The potential alternative solutions to solve the problem are†¦ Changes to improve the manufacturing schedule could be made. The same amount of priority could be given to both lines. The lines could be separated within the facility or additional space could be purchased. Staff and equipment could be increased to improve productivity. Just in time inventory practices can be implemented to reduce the use of warehouse space. The standard line could be eliminated. Changes to the layout and capacity utilization of work stations could be made. Note: if the problem is one-dimensional, there may be just one correct solution. Step 4: Make decisions by choosing among alternatives. What is the best solution and why†¦ Chad should analyze and improve his scheduling, capacity planning, and inventory management to process both furniture lines better. Currently, the manufacturing schedule is running without any set organization which is hurting the standard line and producing excess inventory. The standard furniture line should be analyzed to create a forecasted schedule and just in time inventory management should be implemented to free up space. The capacity utilization of each workspace should be analyzed to make any possible adjustments to improve productivity and efficiency.

Thursday, April 30, 2020

Project Charter for Application Development

Question: Discuss about the Project Charter for Application Development. Answer: Project informations Project title Music application development project Project leader xx Contact address: 002xxxxx56 Duration: 4 months: Start:1/09/2016 End:31/12/2016 Estimated budget: 310,000 Goal: Is to develop a set of two music application aimed at improving children mathematics and language skills for both normal and disable children for a period of 4 months. Objectives: 1. To develop music education application for children with disability. 2. To develop music education application for normal children for a period. Vision: To be a leading music application development service provider for mathematical and language skills for children. Mission: The project focuses on usage of technology innovations and research in order to improve childrens engagements in learning of mathematics and language skills. Background of the project There has been an increase in education application over the years especially in the area of children games(Cleland, 2013). The applications have innovative, motivating to children covering a number of conceptual and analysis areas(Tiwana, 2014). Seeley booth and temperance Bennan organization is in the fore front in improving learning programs in schools. Project problem statement Majority of the education application cover other areas of learning, and no application model is present to cover areas of mathematics and language skills. Development of the software will be useful for young children. Success criteria The project: Should be completed on time Within the specified budget And within intended scope(PMI., 2013) Project approach The project will apply the agile project approach which is iterative in nature(Heagney, 2016). The approach is a complex approach that allows interaction and integration of various functions following a project life cycle(Heagney, 2016). It also allows changes to take place in the system. Project budget A bottom up approach will be used for project budget. No. Item description Total ($) 1 Project contract payments 140000 2 Programmers 80000 3 Consultants payments 70000 4 IT infrastructures assorted 10000 Totals $310000 Project plan The section covers the inclusion and exclusions of the project, covers related projects and systems, project participants, constraints, assumptions, risks and timelines. Project scope It includes inclusions and exclusions(Lowe, 2006). Table 1 shows inclusions Release Priority Story Story name Descriptions Software development Designing of software Curriculum development application Education application system The application was useful in coming up with education programme. Mathematical musical application Designing of mathematical software Curriculum development mathematics software Musical mathematical model The application is useful in coming up mathematics programme. Language skills application Designing of language skills software Curriculum development language skills software Language skills model The applications useful in encouraging learning language skills. The project exclusions will consist out of scope items like: Not training employees Designing specialized learning resources Development of musical designs Related projects and systems Project Interrelationship Education curriculum project Help in development and implementation of education curriculum. Development of music design Development of musical program to be fitted to the software Software development project ICT enabled software that will allow other operations Project participants The will include project stakeholders Role Name Organization IT liaison Lance Sweats Information technology organization Education liaison Jack Hodges Learning institution Project teams Maxwell project team Project organization Legal team Com-law Legal organization Constraints, assumptions and risks The section covers constraints, assumptions and risks for the project. Constraints Constraints Impacts Changing nature of technology Affects product development Extend of the market Needs sufficient resources to cover them Resistance of top executives Limitation in making decisions Non co-operation among employees Difficulty in implementation Assumptions The project will assume that: Resources will be sufficient The product will be accepted in the market The application will commence within the required time limit Dependencies The project will depend on: No competitors are developing the same product Advertising of the product Project risks The following are risks and mitigation plans Risks Mitigation plans Software failure Prototype will be design for testing(Larson, 2011). Resistance and acceptance of the product Proper exposure on usage Project timelines It covers the time to undertake various deliverables: Date Milestones Deliverables 1/9/2016 Writing of project plan Project plan 10/9/2016 Software development IT software 28/9/2016 Musical application design Music application 3/10/2016 Mathematical application model Mathematical application 18/10/2016 Language application model Language application 1/11/2016 Models integrations Complete product 5/11/2016 Proto type launching Product trial 5/11/2016 Alpha version launch 1st launch 15/12/2016 Beta version launch 2nd launch References Cleland, D. a. (2013). Project management handbook. New York, United States: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Heagney, J. (2016). The project manager leader. In fundamentals of project Management. New York: Adventure works press. Larson, E. a. (2011). Project management: the managerial process . New York: Mc Graw Hill. Lowe, D. . (2006). Commercial management of projects;defining the dicipline. Chicago: Blackwell. PMI. (2013). A guide to project management body of knowledge . Newtown Square: PA: PMI. Tiwana, A. (2014). The knowledge management toolkit: practical techniques for building a knowledge management system. Toronto, United states: Prentice Hall publishers.

Monday, April 13, 2020

Essay Writing Topics For Grade 9

Essay Writing Topics For Grade 9Most high school students tend to forget the importance of their essay topics for grade 9. It is the most important part of writing that helps you define your own opinion, impress others and come up with a plan of action. As the high school students find time to devote in writing, they tend to forget the fact that there are several aspects to essay topics for grade 9.You can easily get lost in the actual assignment and leave out a lot of other valuable lessons and ideas that come to you while you are writing. It is the basis of your academic success. Remember, it is the assignment to which you must conform. In order to study your assignment effectively, you need to know what to include. Otherwise, you will find yourself floundering to see what to put in your essay.As per the grading guidelines, essay topics for grades 9 should have an idea about your focus. That means that you have to lay the focus and write about it. This can be the initial answer for your teacher if you are not able to give one. It is also a test for your classmates who are participating in your essay writing and are trying to comprehend your focus.Another important aspect of your essay is the use of proper grammar and proper spelling. If your essay is not readable, how can you expect anyone to read it? So make sure you utilize all the spellings and grammatical features of your writing tool. Make your essay look professional and appealing.A word on sentence length. The longer the sentence, the less powerful it becomes. Thus, when you compose an essay, you should avoid the longest sentences. Try to write the sentences that tell you what you want to say and how to achieve it. It would not matter too much how long you compose your sentence.As far as essay topics for grades 9 are concerned, you should know that the topic varies from person to person. This also depends on your objectives. Consider your objective. What are you trying to accomplish by doing this essay ?Many students go through the wrong way in procuring the right information. They simply rely on their parents and teachers for giving them the right information. There are many sources online for you to find the right information for your own essay topic. It is advisable that you try to get as much information as possible on the subject matter of your essay.

Saturday, March 21, 2020

Holistic Health Essays

Holistic Health Essays Holistic Health Paper Holistic Health Paper Holistic Health Drawing The notion of Holistic Medicine has been around for many years. But why now, has interest in this area skyrocketed? People are starting to prefer a more natural approach when it comes to healthcare. Holistic Health is actually an approach to life. Rather than focusing on illness or specific parts of the body, this ancient approach to health considers the whole person and how he or she interacts with his or her environment. It emphasizes the connection of mind, body, and spirit. The goal is to achieve maximum well-being, where everything is functioning at its best. Holistic health is based on the law of nature, which is; a whole is made up of interdependent parts. The earth is made up of systems, such as air, land, water, plants and animals. If life is to be sustained the systems cannot be separated, for what is happening to one is also felt by all of the other systems. In the same way, an individual is a whole made up of interdependent parts, which are the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual. When one part is not working at its best, it impacts all of the other parts of that person. Furthermore, this whole person, including all of the parts, is constantly interacting with everything in the surrounding environment. For example, when an individual is anxious about a school exam or a job interview, his or her nervousness may result in a physical reaction, such as a headache or a stomachache. When people suppress anger over a long period of time, they often develop a serious illness, such as migraine headaches, emphysema, or even arthritis. The U. S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention report that the key factors influencing an individual’s state of health have not changed significantly over the past 20 years. Quality of medical care is only 10%. Heredity accounts for 18% and environment 19%. Everyday lifestyle choices are 53%. The decisions people make about their life and habits are therefore, by far, the largest factor in determining their state of wellness. Holistic Health is an empowering approach to living life. It starts with the holistic (whole person) philosophy that recognizes the interrelationship between all aspects of who we are and the world we live in. This is combined with an understanding that achieving health is an ongoing personal journey toward a goal of functioning at our very best level possible. The basis of holism is the concept that â€Å" the whole is made up of interdependent parts. † As human beings we may think of ourselves as made up of separate parts or aspects, such as physical, mental, emotional and spiritual. Yet, our parts do not function alone, but are constantly interacting. What happens to one will impact all of the other aspects of who we are as individuals. In the same way, we are a part of the world around us, and constantly responding to our surrounding environment. Holistic health involves our everyday choices and actions as we strive to reach a higher level of personal wellness. Picture the various levels of wellness as a continuum. Where are you? Are you on the left half, dealing with an illness or a chronic condition? In the center, not sick, yet not feeling very peppy? On the right half, in good shape, but striving for the highest possible level of vitality and well-being? A holistic approach to creating wellness includes taking charge of your own health by exploring a variety of life enhancing activities until you discover which ones work for you. While we think of holistic health in terms of our personal actions for self-improvement, the same holistic principles can be applied to dealing with any disease or chronic condition. When a healthcare practitioner applies these holistic principles, it is usually called holistic medicine. In addition to the concepts already mentioned, other factors are added. The Healthcare professional and the patient work together as a team, rather than just eliminating or masking symptoms, the symptom is used as a guide to look below the surface for the root cause. Whenever possible, treatments are selected that support the body’s natural healing system. Consumers of health care services have been seeking out and switching their health care to holistic health care providers in greater numbers than ever before. With the growing interest in holistic medicine, there has become a increasing number of practicing holistic physicians and healthcare providers who have increasingly put into practice some of these sought after ideals. They have preferred the safer, less costly, more effective and natural treatments, along with an emphasis on empowerment of the person, as a partner in there own health care and healing. Today, healthcare provides and patients understand the side effects connected with drugs, surgery, and synthetic materials. While some holistic procedures are considered unorthodox by mainstream medicine, new research and patient testimonials are pointing to the fact that lacing any foreign substance in the body can have side effects. Interest in holistic medicine has increased tremendously in recent years, with more and more people becoming aware of the real benefits to be obtained from natural, intuitive and traditional healing methods. As we move into the future, perhaps more people will realize that a balanced approach with â€Å"all things considered† is more beneficial than techniques and synthetic materials.

Thursday, March 5, 2020

12 Examples of Chemical Energy

12 Examples of Chemical Energy Chemical energy is the energy stored within chemicals, which makes it energy inside atoms and molecules. Most often, its considered the energy of chemical bonds, but the term also includes energy stored in the electron arrangement of atoms and ions. Its a form of potential energy that you wont observe until a reaction occurs. Chemical energy can be changed into other forms of energy through chemical reactions or chemical changes. Energy, often in the form of heat, is absorbed or released when chemical energy is converted to another form. Chemical Energy Examples Chemical energy is a form of potential energy found within chemical bonds, atoms, and subatomic particles.Chemical energy can be observed and measured only when a chemical reaction occurs.Any matter considered to be a fuel contains chemical energy.The energy can be released or absorbed. For example, combustion releases more energy than is needed to initiate the reaction. Photosynthesis absorbs more energy than it releases. Examples of Chemical Energy Basically, any compound contains chemical energy that can be released when its chemical bonds are broken. Any substance that can be used as a fuel contains chemical energy. Examples of matter containing chemical energy include: Coal: Combustion reaction converts chemical energy into light and heat.Wood: Combustion reaction converts chemical energy into light and heat.Petroleum: Can be burned to release light and heat or changed into another form of chemical energy, such as gasoline.Chemical batteries: Store chemical energy to be changed into electricity.Biomass: Combustion reaction converts chemical energy into light and heat.Natural gas: Combustion reaction converts chemical energy into light and heat.Food: Digested to convert chemical energy into other forms of energy used by cells.Cold packs: Chemical energy is absorbed in a reaction.Propane: Burned to produce heat and light.Hot packs: Chemical reaction produces heat or thermal energy.Photosynthesis changes solar energy into chemical energy.Cellular respiration is a set of reactions that changes chemical energy in glucose into chemical energy in ATP, a form our bodies can use. Source Schmidt-Rohr, Klaus. Why Combustions Are Always Exothermic, Yielding About 418 kJ per Mole of O2. Journal of Chemical Education.

Monday, February 17, 2020

Impact of Culture and Background Knowledge on Writing Article

Impact of Culture and Background Knowledge on Writing - Article Example The culture of language usage in each of these three groups has very different features, which causes very different understanding of â€Å"stories† by children from these different cultural backgrounds. From the early childhood â€Å"Roadville† children were expected to give concrete â€Å"correct† answers to the questions. Such culture of language usage might be explained by the norms of fundamentalist Protestantism society, which can accept only one possible interpretation of Bible. Obviously, such children understand â€Å"story† as a true report of events, which has some moral meaning according to the biblical understanding of morality. They are usually not creative in writing, however they usually do well in primary grades, where displaying memorized knowledge is needed. In the contrast to â€Å"Roadville† community, people of â€Å"Trackton† value word play, imaginative fictionalized story telling. Children from these families are used to making inventive â€Å"stories†, which should not necessarily be true, but should be as creative as possible, filled with proverbs or citations from various parts of popular culture, such as songs or TV shows. While being usually creative in writing, â€Å"Trackton† children (opposite to â€Å"Roadville† ones) have difficulties with demonstrating their factual memorized knowledge, such as naming objects and their properties. â€Å"Townspeople† families pay special attention to the development of analytical language habits in their children. From the early childhood parents read books together with children and engage them in such analytical activities as interpretation or hypothesizing. As the result, writing skills of these children are the most appropriate according to the requirements of formal school education. The results of Heath’s ethnographic research show why children are not equally ready to fulfill formal requirements of academic writing. Teachers should not neglect these

Monday, February 3, 2020

Analysis of the poem Acquainted with the Night Essay

Analysis of the poem Acquainted with the Night - Essay Example The setting of the poem is in the urban area; obviously it is crowed since it houses a big population, generally more than what the city infrastructure can accommodate; He writes, â€Å"I have looked down the saddest city lane.† He is familiar with the geography of the city; the second theme is loneliness; the third theme is the speaker’s sadness. The surroundings and situations make the poet sad. It is to be noted that the poem was written in 1928, when the world economy (especially that of U.S.) was at the threshold the Great Depression (which commenced in 1930) But the year 1928 relates to plenty and prosperity. Why then the poet should be sad? The poets have generally nothing to get elated about the materialistic prosperity. Their domain is spirituality, where such attachments have no relevance. â€Å"Proclaimed the time was neither wrong nor right- I have been one acquainted with the night.† -the poet has perfectly mastered the nature of the dualities of lif e, and came to the conclusion that everything happens in life, as it should! Time is a great healer, and one can never complain about Time-the nature of its functioning! It is always perfect; it is benevolent, provided an individual has the patience to understand. The wise saying goes, ‘Go placidly amidst the noise and din†¦.everything is happening as it should!’ The poet uses paradox like, â€Å"the time was neither wrong nor right.† He uses a common syntax of word order in most of the lines in his poem. This poem is a sonnet. The overall tone of the poem is sad and apathetic. â€Å"Acquainted with the Night,† means he has come to terms with the night. He is able to cope up with the night; he has mastered the art of living. The sapling of silence is steadily growing in his heart. The image of the moon as a clock and timekeeper is perfect because, the moon is one of the perfect agents of nature, unfailing as for the

Sunday, January 26, 2020

Childrens Understanding of Food And Nutrition

Childrens Understanding of Food And Nutrition There has been much attention paid to the diet of children in the media of late as concerns about childhood obesity continue to grow as more incidences are reported; a search on the web reveals results of about 80,600 for childhood obesity news items (0.32 seconds) (web search conducted on 14th April 2010). As food intake has an obvious link to obesity the article investigating school childrens knowledge and awareness of food and nutrition may provide insights to this situation and perhaps offer suggestions to remedies that might improve childrens diets. The literature in this study is comprehensive citing work from the UK, USA, Australia and New Zealand. All of these countries are English speaking countries with a Western diet and lifestyle so any comparisons drawn from the study of Surrey schoolchildren could bear relevance on the issues discussed. Authors from Health Education Authorities and writers from nutritional education and medical backgrounds contribute work that dates from 1980 to 2001. As the article is dated 2002 some of the information may now be outdated regarding the guidelines provided by health authorities and the programmes of study contained in the Primary School curriculum in the UK at 2010 which has undergone changes and is now known as the National Strategy that incorporates food and nutrition education throughout the cross curricular themes and especially in the health education element of physical education. The literature covers a wide variety of topics pertaining to the investigation including quantitative information resulting from diet and nutrition surveys (Gregory et al, 2000), food guidelines (Department of Health,1998; FAO/WHO, 1998) and qualitative information from research conducted by various authors (Birch, 1980; Dobson et al., 1994; De Bourdeaudhuij, 1997). All literature was fully referenced to allow the reader to follow up points of interest or to verify facts and validate claims. The aims of the study were to elicit childrens understanding of: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ aspects of parental control over food choices and food rules that interact with food provision; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ how diet and diseases are connected, specifically dental health and obesity; and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the categorization of food into groups and the schemes children use to do this. The methods used for this investigation are clearly stated; they are based on the population coming from the percentage of Free School Meals (%age FSM) as an indicator of socio-economic status (SES) for 7-11 year olds in Guildford, Surrey. Following a grouping of the quartiles of %age FSM entitlement, a judgmental selection or systematic random sample was made from the top and bottom ends of the calculated figures. Children at either end of the age scale were chosen to provide a clear comparison between attitudes relevant to age and within the sample the sample framing was randomly achieved by selecting the identified category through single gender alphabetical listing from registration rolls. Thus seven girls and seven boys were selected from each participant school with reserves in case any child should drop out or be unavailable. Motivation and understanding form the two criteria being investigated regarding food choices by this pre-adolescent age group. Though the study is limited to a small number of participants, 390 in all, it is hoped that generalisations might be made regarding the greater population. Focus group discussions were used to obtain data with open-ended questions (as prompts) on four core topics providing the instrument to be used by the same moderator for each group. Audio recordings were made of the discussions for transcription and narrative analysis. The moderator also expanded, where necessary, with further verbal explanation to stimulate discussion. Although the sample was refined and the questions pre-set, the group discussion method may not offer valid results as the language skills of children may vary greatly and prompting may have contained leading questions that could skew results. The analysis involved putting emerging themes into categories from participant quotes by two separate investigators working blind on the data sources. As the information related to groups rather than individuals, the unit of a nalysis had to be the group and therefore possibly a dominant voice which is a weakness in this investigation. The researchers also state that descriptive summaries form the basis of the analysis and that, No formal statistical tests were applied to the data, which are qualitative in nature. The lack of formal statistical results is another weakness as a more structured questionnaire might have provided a means of analysis with testable results. Using something like a Likert scale to show greater or lesser agreement with statements might have allowed this particular survey/investigation to be used elsewhere with independent interviewers over a much larger sample, both in numbers and geographically. Perhaps also employing stratification in the sampling would reveal clearer perceptions and attitudes specific to age groups and gender to separate the SES variable in responses. This study aimed to gain an insight into the current awareness of nutritional issues amongst primary school children and the language they use in association with these topics. This statement contained within the article does not uphold the original aims (mentioned earlier in paragraph 3) and so the integrity of this piece is compromised by the introduction of language as a contributory factor to the outcome. None of the quotes or analysis statements qualifies fat as being overweight/obese/health risk. The focus group methodology proved successful in achieving this objective with a number of key themes emerging from the discourse which will be used to feed into the development of food based dietary guidelines for children. As the objective failed to mention the influence of language in its parameters this statement also fails to uphold the original aims. Despite stating, By using qualitative methodology, it was anticipated that the full range of responses would be captured whilst avo iding pigeonholing this dynamic population with pre-existing beliefs. Analysis was designed to examine how these areas of enquiry varied with gender, age and SES, the arguments presented are based on a subjective analysis that assessed the quotes on implied testimony and what the authors thought the children meant in their responses. There are obviously difficulties and barriers to overcome when collecting qualitative data and considering the language element and the limitations on verbalisation particularly from younger children, the questions presented should perhaps have been more sympathetic to their cognitive ability and been supported by visual stimulus with foodstuffs and outcomes shown as picture alternatives that could be chosen to express the consequences of certain choices rather than relying on verbal language alone. Particularly as the research was addressing SES as a contributory factor to eating habits and knowledge and understanding of food the researchers failed to take into account the effect SES might have on the ability to express well any intended meaning which ultimately is open to interpretation by the investigators. Although food-health links were reported more frequently by low as compared with high SES groups, the former were less likely to be correct in the associations made (44 and 84% correct for low and high SES groups, respectively). Gender differences in the accuracy of food-health and food-nutrient links were also apparent (85% correct for girls and 65% correct for boys). The article does provide a foundation for further study but the methods used, especially the design of the instrument, need further refinement to eliminate other influences on the outcomes. As the article is presented by the Centre for Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK it would be reasonable to expect greater consideration to be given to the educational inconsistencies and language skill and ability to effectively articulate particularly when the literature contains references to Piaget, the Department of Education and Employment, childrens interpretation of nutritional messages and Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research. The authors do admit, Our sample was drawn from a narrow demographic population and so these results cannot be generalized to the British primary school population as a whole. And they further state, The focus group methodology itself has both advantages and disadvantages when a pplied to this age group. Although it did allow the children more freedom to express their opinions, highlighting language and trains of thought which would not have been covered by a more structured approach, a number of the children were reluctant to take up the opportunity to discuss topics, being content with short, succinct answers. In these cases, probing by the moderator inevitably results in more direct questioning and the potential for unintentionally leading questions. Similarly, the problem of children parroting learned responses or those, which they perceive to be correct regardless of personal beliefs, has been raised by other researchers (Lytle et al., 1997). The frequency of apparently accurate food classifications in the current study that were not substantiated by correct justifications would support this phenomenon. Rather than seeing differences in attitude in direct correlation to SES the research discovered that gender difference was the biggest factor in the st udy. The findings report, the need to develop cognitively appropriate age and gender specific food based dietary guidelines for children. Though this may be interesting it was not part of the initial objective or aim of the research and in writing this article there should have been a clearer definition of the expectations and how extraneous variables were to be controlled. The questions used did not address how much information the children had received from their studies in school but assumed that much of the information was gained from peers, TV advertising and parents. There should have been a comparison with the knowledge already delivered (if not learned) at the Key Stages from the curriculum with the information expressed from the children and a clear differentiation between where they gained their information from. Dental health came across as a knowledgeable area which is unsurprising as it is delivered as part of the curriculum from nursery age but elements of healthy livi ng like heart disease etc are not addressed until much later in the school programme of study.